Background of the Study
As cyber threats evolve, the security of digital transactions becomes a critical concern for banks. Citibank Nigeria has recently upgraded its online authentication systems to fortify the security of its digital banking channels. The upgrades include multi-factor authentication (MFA), biometric verification, and advanced encryption techniques that protect sensitive customer data during transactions (Ugochukwu, 2023). These measures are designed to prevent unauthorized access and mitigate risks associated with identity theft and fraud. By implementing real-time threat monitoring and automated security audits, Citibank Nigeria aims to provide a secure digital environment that builds customer trust and fosters increased adoption of online services. Enhanced authentication protocols are integrated with the bank’s broader risk management framework, ensuring that any suspicious activities are promptly detected and addressed. Research shows that robust online authentication mechanisms are crucial for reducing cyber fraud and enhancing customer confidence in digital banking (Okeke, 2024). However, there remains a delicate balance between stringent security measures and maintaining a user-friendly interface. This study explores how these authentication system upgrades impact the security and usability of digital transactions, thereby influencing customer trust and digital engagement.
Statement of the Problem
Despite the implementation of upgraded online authentication systems, Citibank Nigeria continues to face challenges related to user experience and system reliability. Some customers report difficulties with the multi-factor authentication process, which can lead to delays and frustration during login attempts (Chukwu, 2024). Integration issues between the new security protocols and existing legacy systems have occasionally resulted in technical glitches, compromising the overall smoothness of digital transactions. Furthermore, while heightened security is intended to build trust, overly complex authentication steps may deter less tech-savvy customers from using digital services. This gap between the intended security enhancements and the practical user experience undermines the bank’s efforts to secure digital transactions and expand its online banking base. Therefore, it is necessary to evaluate the effectiveness of the upgraded authentication systems and identify measures to optimize both security and usability, ensuring that customer trust is maintained without compromising convenience (Ibrahim, 2023).
Objectives of the Study
To evaluate the impact of online authentication system upgrades on the security of digital transactions at Citibank Nigeria.
To identify usability and integration challenges associated with the new authentication protocols.
To propose strategies for optimizing authentication systems to balance security and user-friendliness.
Research Questions
How do online authentication system upgrades affect the security of digital transactions at Citibank Nigeria?
What usability challenges hinder the effective adoption of upgraded authentication measures?
What strategies can improve the integration and user-friendliness of the authentication system?
Research Hypotheses
H₀: Online authentication system upgrades do not significantly improve digital transaction security at Citibank Nigeria.
H₁: Online authentication system upgrades significantly enhance digital transaction security at Citibank Nigeria.
H₀: Usability challenges do not affect the effectiveness of the authentication systems.
H₁: Usability challenges significantly hinder the effectiveness of the authentication systems.
H₀: Optimization strategies will not further enhance the balance between security and usability.
H₁: Optimization strategies will significantly improve the balance between security and usability.
Scope and Limitations of the Study
This study focuses on Citibank Nigeria’s upgraded online authentication systems and their impact on digital transaction security. Data will be collected from security audit reports, customer surveys, and technical assessments. Limitations include rapidly evolving cyber threats and potential user variability in technological proficiency.
Definitions of Terms
• Online Authentication System Upgrades: Technological improvements to verify user identities in digital banking.
• Digital Transactions: Financial transactions conducted through online platforms.
• Multi-Factor Authentication (MFA): A security process requiring multiple verification methods.
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